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Enzyme Basics and Classification
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Enzyme Basics and Classification
Enzyme Basics and Classification
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1
Question
What term describes a large inactive enzyme precursor cleaved to become active?
Answer
Zymogen
2
Question
Which enzyme does not require zinc as a cofactor?
Answer
DNA polymerase
3
Question
Which group of enzymes transfers functional groups like phosphates or amino groups?
Answer
Transferases
4
Question
Which enzyme class catalyzes hydrolysis reactions involving water?
Answer
Hydrolases
5
Question
What type of enzyme catalyzes cleavage by elimination or addition of groups, such as dehydration or decarboxylation?
Answer
Lyases
6
Question
Which enzyme catalyzes the reversible conversion of lactate to pyruvate using NAD+?
Answer
Lactate dehydrogenase
7
Question
What is the primary role of carbonic anhydrase in blood?
Answer
Inter-convert CO2 and water into bicarbonate and protons
8
Question
In enzyme nomenclature, what does the first digit '3' indicate in EC 3.4.11.4?
Answer
Hydrolases
9
Question
What is the significance of the active site in enzyme function?
Answer
Region where substrate binds and catalysis occurs
10
Question
Which vitamins generate coenzymes involved in oxidation and reduction reactions?
Answer
Niacin (B3) and Riboflavin (B2)
11
Question
What is the thermodynamic principle that describes energy change during enzyme-catalyzed reactions?
Answer
Gibbs free energy change (ΔG)
12
Question
What class of enzyme includes kinases involved in phosphorylation?
Answer
Transferases
13
Question
What type of bonds are hydrolyzed in reactions catalyzed by peptidases?
Answer
Peptide bonds
14
Question
In enzymatic reaction coupling, what energy source is often used to drive unfavorable reactions?
Answer
ATP hydrolysis
15
Question
What is the role of prosthetic groups in enzymes?
Answer
Tightly bound cofactors essential for activity
16
Question
Which enzyme belongs to the lyase class and is involved in rapid CO2 transfer from pyruvate?
Answer
Pyruvate decarboxylase
17
Question
How do enzyme-substrate interactions occur at the molecular level?
Answer
Non-covalent interactions at the active site
18
Question
What concept explains the enzyme's ability to react with specific substrates via conformational flexibility?
Answer
Induced fit model
19
Question
What is the function of NAD+ in metabolism?
Answer
Accepts electrons and protons during redox reactions
20
Question
What defines enzyme specificity for substrate stereochemistry?
Answer
Stereochemical specificity based on chiral fit at the active site
21
Question
What enzyme class includes isomerases?
Answer
Enzymes that catalyze reversible isomerizations within molecules
22
Question
Why don't enzymes change the reaction equilibrium?
Answer
They only lower activation energy, leaving the equilibrium constant unchanged
23
Question
How do enzyme-substrate interactions occur?
Answer
Through non-covalent bonds at the enzyme's active site
24
Question
What model describes enzyme's substrate binding flexibility?
Answer
Induced fit model