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Basic Concepts of Botany
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Basic Concepts of Botany
Basic Concepts of Botany
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1
Question
What is the primary origin of the word 'Botany'?
Answer
Greek words: botanikos, botane, boskein
2
Question
Name two fundamental properties common to all life forms.
Answer
Growth and development; reproduction
3
Question
What are the two types of growth in organisms?
Answer
Intussusception and accretion
4
Question
Define intussusception in biological growth.
Answer
Addition of material and cell formation inside the organism
5
Question
Define accretion in growth processes.
Answer
Increase in size due to external material deposition
6
Question
What is the main purpose of reproduction in organisms?
Answer
Perpetuation of the species
7
Question
Differentiate between sexual and asexual reproduction.
Answer
Sexual involves gametes; asexual involves no gametes
8
Question
What is irritability in organisms?
Answer
Ability to respond to stimuli
9
Question
Give an example demonstrating irritability.
Answer
Stem growing towards light
10
Question
Define metabolism in biological terms.
Answer
Sum of all chemical reactions in an organism
11
Question
What are the two main phases of metabolism?
Answer
Catabolism and anabolism
12
Question
Describe catabolism.
Answer
Breakdown of complex molecules to release energy
13
Question
Describe anabolism.
Answer
Building complex molecules from simpler ones using energy
14
Question
What does the ability to evolve and adapt signify?
Answer
Change to better survive environments
15
Question
What is the basic structural unit of all living organisms?
Answer
Cell
16
Question
Name the four main organic compounds in organisms.
Answer
Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids
17
Question
What is assimilation in biological organisms?
Answer
Converting non-living materials into living substance
18
Question
Who is regarded as the father of Botany?
Answer
Theophrastus of Ephesus
19
Question
Which ancient scientist wrote 'The Materia Medica'?
Answer
Dioscorides
20
Question
Who is known as the father of taxonomy?
Answer
Carolus Linnaeus
21
Question
What did Matthias Schleiden contribute to biology?
Answer
Formulated the cell theory
22
Question
What does taxonomy involve?
Answer
Identification, nomenclature, and classification of plants
23
Question
Name a subordinate science of botanical classification.
Answer
Plant physiology
24
Question
What is the focus of plant ecology?
Answer
Plants in relation to their environment
25
Question
Which science studies extinct plants as fossils?
Answer
Paleobotany
26
Question
What is the difference between plants and animals regarding food production?
Answer
Plants can manufacture their own food via photosynthesis; animals cannot
27
Question
How do plants and animals differ in movement?
Answer
Plants are stationary; animals can move from place to place
28
Question
Which characteristic is common to both plants and animals?
Answer
Use of food for energy and building substances
29
Question
What is a key step in the scientific method?
Answer
Formulation of a hypothesis based on observations
30
Question
In the scientific method, what is the purpose of experimentation?
Answer
To test whether the hypothesis is supported or disproved