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OSI Model Basics
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OSI Model Basics
OSI Model Basics
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1
Question
What OSI layer handles physical transmission of bits as electrical signals or light?
Answer
Layer 1: Physical Layer
2
Question
Which layer encapsulates data into frames and manages MAC addresses?
Answer
Layer 2: Data Link Layer
3
Question
What is the main function of Layer 3 in the OSI model?
Answer
Routing and logical addressing
4
Question
Which protocol in Layer 4 provides reliable, connection-oriented data transfer?
Answer
TCP
5
Question
What does the Session Layer (Layer 5) manage in network communication?
Answer
Session establishment, maintenance, and termination
6
Question
Which OSI layer is responsible for data format translation and encryption?
Answer
Layer 6: Presentation Layer
7
Question
What layer of the OSI model does the application software directly interact with?
Answer
Layer 7: Application Layer
8
Question
What are the main responsibilities of a switch operating at Layer 2?
Answer
Frame switching using MAC addresses
9
Question
What type of address is used in Layer 2 to identify devices?
Answer
MAC address
10
Question
Which layer uses IP addresses to route packets across networks?
Answer
Layer 3: Network Layer
11
Question
Which Layer 4 protocol is connectionless and often used for streaming?
Answer
UDP
12
Question
What is the purpose of the TCP three-way handshake?
Answer
Establish reliable connection
13
Question
Which layer manages data encryption for secure communication?
Answer
Layer 6: Presentation Layer
14
Question
What layer handles flow control, error checking, and MAC addressing?
Answer
Layer 2: Data Link Layer
15
Question
The process of translating data into a format compatible with the receiver's system occurs at which layer?
Answer
Layer 6: Presentation Layer
16
Question
What device at Layer 3 routes traffic based on logical IP addresses?
Answer
Router
17
Question
Which protocol in Layer 3 helps routers determine the best path to a destination?
Answer
Routing protocols like OSPF or RIP
18
Question
Which OSI layer handles session establishment and termination?
Answer
Layer 5: Session Layer
19
Question
What protocols operate at Layer 5 for establishing, maintaining, and tearing down sessions?
Answer
H.323, NetBIOS
20
Question
What is the primary function of the Presentation Layer (Layer 6)?
Answer
Data formatting and encryption
21
Question
Which data formats are managed by Layer 6 for compatibility?
Answer
ASCII, GIF, JPEG, PNG
22
Question
What role do scripting languages like HTML and XML serve at Layer 6?
Answer
Control display and formatting of text and data
23
Question
Which layer handles application-level services like email, file transfer, and web browsing?
Answer
Layer 7: Application Layer
24
Question
What are some common Layer 7 protocols for email and web browsing?
Answer
POP3, IMAP, SMTP, HTTP, HTTPS
25
Question
Which Protocol Data Unit (PDU) corresponds to Layer 2 in the OSI model?
Answer
Frame
26
Question
Which PDU is used at Layer 3, the Network Layer?
Answer
Packet
27
Question
What is the purpose of the TCP ports, and how are they used during communication?
Answer
Identify services; used for sessions between client and server
28
Question
What does TCP's three-way handshake involve?
Answer
SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK
29
Question
Why is TCP reliable, and what mechanisms does it use?
Answer
Error checking, acknowledgment, sequencing
30
Question
How does UDP differ from TCP in terms reliability and connection?
Answer
Less reliable, connectionless, faster