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NoSQL Database Concepts and Elasticsearch Applications
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NoSQL Database Concepts and Elasticsearch Applications
NoSQL Database Concepts and Elasticsearch Applications
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1
Question
What is a key difference between NoSQL and relational databases?
Answer
NoSQL models data differently, fitting specific use cases without fixed schemas.
2
Question
Define the ACID principles of relational databases.
Answer
Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability—ensuring reliable and safe transactions.
3
Question
What does the CAP theorem state about distributed databases?
Answer
A database can only satisfy two of the: consistency, availability, partition tolerance.
4
Question
Why do NoSQL databases typically follow the BASE principles?
Answer
Because distributed NoSQL systems choose availability and partition tolerance over strict consistency.
5
Question
Which NoSQL database type is best suited for highly interconnected data like social networks?
Answer
Graph database.
6
Question
What is the main motivation for companies to adopt NoSQL databases over traditional RDBMS?
Answer
To handle large volumes, variety, velocity of data, and scalable partitioning.
7
Question
How does a document store compare to a traditional relational database?
Answer
Stores entire documents as units, reducing need for normalization and complex joins.
8
Question
What are key-value stores optimized for?
Answer
Scalability and fast retrieval of large data volumes via key-based access.
9
Question
When is a column-oriented database preferable over a row-oriented one?
Answer
In analytical queries and reporting, for summing and counting large datasets.
10
Question
What role does sharding play in NoSQL systems like Elasticsearch?
Answer
Distributes data across shards and replicas for scalability and fault tolerance.
11
Question
How does the BASE model relate to eventual consistency?
Answer
It guarantees data will become consistent over time through eventual synchronization.
12
Question
Why are NewSQL databases considered a bridge between relational and NoSQL systems?
Answer
They retain ACID features while supporting distributed, scalable architectures.
13
Question
What are the main types of NoSQL databases discussed?
Answer
Document store, key-value store, graph database, column database.
14
Question
In the context of NoSQL, what is the significance of the ability to model data differently?
Answer
It allows tailoring the database structure to specific use cases, improving efficiency.
15
Question
Which NoSQL database type is particularly suitable for storing hierarchical or nested data?
Answer
Document store.
16
Question
Why might a business choose to turn off database nodes temporarily to ensure consistency?
Answer
To prevent selling more items than the stock during partition failures.
17
Question
What is the main challenge CAP theorem highlights in multi-node database design?
Answer
Balancing consistency, availability, and partition tolerance.
18
Question
What is a common use case for graph databases?
Answer
Modeling interconnected relationships like social networks or citation graphs.
19
Question
What is the advantage of column-oriented databases for analytical processing?
Answer
Fast aggregation and summing operations on large datasets.
20
Question
How does NoSQL's approach to schema differ from relational databases?
Answer
NoSQL allows flexible, schema-less or semi-structured data modeling.
21
Question
What does the 'soft state' aspect of BASE imply about system data?
Answer
System state may change over time without explicit updates.
22
Question
In what scenario might a relational database still be preferable?
Answer
For small datasets requiring complex joins and strict consistency.
23
Question
What is the primary purpose of normalization in relational databases?
Answer
To reduce data redundancy by storing each piece of data only once.
24
Question
Why are graph databases gaining popularity over other database types?
Answer
They efficiently model highly connected, complex relationships.
25
Question
What does 'sharding' entail in NoSQL systems?
Answer
Partitioning data into smaller pieces across multiple servers or nodes.
26
Question
What is a key benefit of using Elasticsearch with a NoSQL approach?
Answer
Efficient, scalable search and analysis of large unstructured data.
27
Question
Which NoSQL database type is most suitable for simple key-value pairs?
Answer
Key-value store.
28
Question
What is the significance of the 'eventual consistency' concept?
Answer
Data will synchronize and become consistent after some delay.
29
Question
Name a popular graph database that supports ACID properties.
Answer
Neo4j.
30
Question
How does NoSQL database modeling differ in terms of data normalization?
Answer
NoSQL often forgo normalization to allow flexible or denormalized data.