/
Flashcards from PDF
Save to my account
Sign up
Flashcards from PDF
Flashcards from PDF
Study
1
Question
What is an action potential?
Answer
The reversal and then restoration of the electrical potential across the plasma membrane of a nerve cell as electrical impulse passes along it.
2
Question
What does active immunity mean?
Answer
Immunity due to the production of antibodies by the organism itself after stimulation by antigens.
3
Question
What is the active site of an enzyme?
Answer
The specific region of an enzyme to which the substrate or substrates bind.
4
Question
How is an allele defined?
Answer
A specific form of a gene, occupying the same gene locus as other alleles of that gene, but differing from other alleles by small differences in its base sequence.
5
Question
What is a carrier in genetics?
Answer
An individual that has a recessive allele of a gene.
6
Question
What is cell respiration?
Answer
Release of energy in the form of ATP from the controlled breakdown of organic compounds within the cell.
7
Question
What is a clone?
Answer
A group of genetically identical organisms or a group of cells derived from a single parent cell.
8
Question
What are codominant alleles?
Answer
Pairs of alleles that both affect the phenotype when present in the heterozygous state.
9
Question
What is a community in ecological terms?
Answer
A group of populations living and interacting with each other in an area.
10
Question
What does denaturation mean with respect to proteins?
Answer
A structural change in a protein that results in a loss (usually permanent) of its biological properties.
11
Question
What is diffusion?
Answer
The passive movement of a substance from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration.
12
Question
What is a dominant allele?
Answer
An allele that has the same effect on the phenotype when in either the homozygous or heterozygous state.
13
Question
What is ecology?
Answer
The study of relationships between living organisms and between living organisms and their environment.
14
Question
What defines an ecosystem?
Answer
A community and its abiotic environment.
15
Question
What is an enzyme?
Answer
A globular protein capable of catalysing a specific chemical reaction.
16
Question
What is evolution?
Answer
The process of cumulative change in the heritable characteristics of a population.
17
Question
What is excretion?
Answer
Removal from the body of waste products of metabolic pathways.
18
Question
What is a gene?
Answer
A heritable factor that controls a specific characteristic.
19
Question
What is gene mutation?
Answer
A change in the sequence of bases in a gene.
20
Question
What is a genome?
Answer
The whole of the genetic information of an organism.
21
Question
What is genotype?
Answer
The alleles possessed by an organism.
22
Question
What is the definition of habitat?
Answer
The environment in which a species normally lives or the location of a living organism.
23
Question
What does heterozygous mean?
Answer
Having two different alleles at a gene locus.
24
Question
What are homologous chromosomes?
Answer
A pair of chromosomes with the same genes but not necessarily the same alleles of those genes.
25
Question
What does homozygous mean?
Answer
Having two identical alleles at a gene locus.
26
Question
What is a linkage group?
Answer
All those genes on a particular chromosome.
27
Question
What is a locus?
Answer
The specific position on a homologous chromosome of a gene.
28
Question
What is osmoregulation?
Answer
The control of the water balance of the blood, tissue fluid or cytoplasm of a living organism.
29
Question
What is osmosis?
Answer
The passive movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration.
30
Question
What is passive immunity?
Answer
Immunity due to the acquisition of antibodies from another organism, via the placenta, colostrum or by injection, in which active immunity has been stimulated.