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Project Management Definitions
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Project Management Definitions
Project Management Definitions
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1
Question
What is 'acceptance criteria' in project management?
Answer
Acceptance criteria are a set of conditions that must be met before deliverables are accepted.
2
Question
Define 'accountability' in the context of project management.
Answer
Accountability is the condition of being answerable for the outcome of a task or project; it is an individual responsibility and not shared.
3
Question
What distinguishes an 'activity' in a project?
Answer
An activity is a distinct, scheduled portion of work performed during the course of a project.
4
Question
Explain 'adaptive approach' in project development.
Answer
An adaptive approach is a development method where requirements have a high level of uncertainty and volatility and are likely to change throughout the project.
5
Question
What is the purpose of an 'affinity diagram'?
Answer
An affinity diagram organizes large numbers of ideas into classified groups for review and analysis.
6
Question
How does 'analogous estimating' work in project management?
Answer
Analogous estimating uses historical data from similar past activities or projects to estimate duration, cost, or required resources for a current activity or project.
7
Question
What is the difference between 'apportioned effort' and 'discrete effort'?
Answer
Apportioned effort is effort allotted proportionately across certain efforts and cannot be divided into discrete efforts, whereas discrete effort is an activity that can be planned, measured, and yields a specific output.
8
Question
Define 'assumption' and its role in project planning.
Answer
An assumption is a factor considered to be true or certain without proof during planning, used to guide project decisions.
9
Question
What is a 'backlog' in an adaptive or agile project?
Answer
A backlog is an ordered, prioritized list of work to be done, often written as user stories to organize agile project work.
10
Question
What does the 'baseline' represent in project management?
Answer
The baseline is the approved version of a work product that serves as the basis for comparison to actual results and can only be changed through formal change control procedures.
11
Question
Explain 'benchmarking' in the context of project management.
Answer
Benchmarking is comparing actual or planned products, processes, and practices to those of comparable organizations to identify best practices and measure performance.
12
Question
What is the purpose of a 'benefits management plan'?
Answer
It documents the processes for creating, maximizing, and sustaining the benefits provided by a program or project.
13
Question
Describe 'bottom-up estimating' and how it differs from analogous estimating.
Answer
Bottom-up estimating aggregates estimates from the lower-level components of the work breakdown structure to estimate duration, cost, or resources, in contrast to analogous estimating which uses historical data.
14
Question
What is an 'earned value' in project management terms?
Answer
Earned value (EV) is the measure of work performed expressed in terms of the budget authorized for that work.
15
Question
How is the 'critical path' significant in scheduling?
Answer
The critical path is the longest sequence of activities in a project that determines the shortest possible project duration.
16
Question
Explain 'change control' and its components.
Answer
Change control is the process of identifying, documenting, approving, or rejecting modifications to project documents, deliverables, or baselines; it involves the change control board (CCB) and change control system.
17
Question
What is a 'cause-and-effect diagram' and what is it used for?
Answer
It is a visual representation, also known as a fishbone or Ishikawa diagram, used to trace an effect back to its root cause.
18
Question
Define 'complexity' in the context of projects or programs.
Answer
Complexity is a characteristic that makes a project or its environment difficult to manage due to human behavior, system behavior, and ambiguity.
19
Question
What is the 'definition of done' (DoD) in project management?
Answer
A checklist of all criteria required to be met for a deliverable to be considered ready for customer use.
20
Question
What role does 'elicitation' play in project management?
Answer
Elicitation is the activity of drawing out information from stakeholders and other sources to understand needs, problems, and conditions for solutions.