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Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
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Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms
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1
Question
List several routes of drug administration.
Answer
Oral, Injection, Topical, Eyes, Ears, Lungs, Nose, Rectal, Urethra, Vagina
2
Question
Give examples of dosage forms classified by administration route (Oral, Parenteral, Topical).
Answer
Oral: Tablets, capsules, solutions. Parenteral: Intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous solutions, and suspensions. Topical: Creams, ointments, patches.
3
Question
Give examples of dosage forms classified by physical form (Solid, Liquid, Semi-solid).
Answer
Solid: Tablets, capsules, powders. Liquid: Solutions, suspensions, emulsions. Semi-solid: Creams, ointments, gels.
4
Question
Give examples of dosage forms classified by release pattern (Immediate Release, Extended Release, Controlled Release).
Answer
Immediate Release: Drug is released quickly after administration. Extended Release: Drug is released slowly over a prolonged period. Controlled Release: Drug is released at a specific rate.
5
Question
Give examples of dosage forms classified by action (Local, Systemic).
Answer
Local: The drug acts on the area to which it is administered (e.g., Eye drops for conjunctivitis). Systemic: The drug is absorbed into the bloodstream and distributed throughout the body (e.g., A painkiller tablet).
6
Question
Provide examples of tablets and capsules.
Answer
Tablets: Paracetamol tablets, amoxicillin tablets. Capsules: Amoxicillin capsules, omeprazole capsules.
7
Question
What are the advantages of injections as a route of drug administration?
Answer
Rapid drug action, bypass first-pass metabolism, accurate dosing.
8
Question
What are the disadvantages of injections as a route of drug administration?
Answer
Pain and discomfort, risk of infection, need for trained personnel.
9
Question
Name some types of oral solid dosage forms.
Answer
Tablets, capsules, lozenges, gums and chewable tablets, powders and granules.
10
Question
What are some considerations for injections?
Answer
Solutions except for intramuscular, some suspensions are okay, Isotonicity to prevent cell damage, Sterility to prevent infection, Types of needles Hypodermic, bifurcated, microneedles, nanoneedles.
11
Question
What are some types of tablets?
Answer
Sublingual, Enteric-coated, Effervescent
12
Question
Name some ingredients found in oral solid dosage forms.
Answer
API, diluents bulking agents, binders, lubricants, glidants, disintegrants, dyes.
13
Question
What is an important counseling point for enteric-coated tablets?
Answer
Do not chew!
14
Question
List some advantages of tablets.
Answer
Easy to use, accurate dosing, stable, cost-effective, various release options, taste masking, portable.
15
Question
List some disadvantages of tablets.
Answer
Variable absorption, swallowing difficulties, GI irritation, first-pass metabolism, limited dosing flexibility, delayed onset of action.
16
Question
Name a few types of oral liquid dosage forms.
Answer
Solutions, syrups, elixirs, tonics, suspensions.
17
Question
What are some advantages of oral liquid dosage forms?
Answer
Easy to swallow, good for children, dose flexibility, taste masking.
18
Question
What are some disadvantages of oral liquid dosage forms?
Answer
Inaccurate dosing, stability issues (especially suspensions), solubility problems.
19
Question
List some types of topical dosage forms.
Answer
Creams, ointments, lotions, pastes, patches, etc.
20
Question
What are some key requirements for ocular dosage forms?
Answer
Sterility, isotonicity, controlled pH.
21
Question
What are some advantages of ocular dosage forms?
Answer
Localized treatment.
22
Question
What are some disadvantages of ocular dosage forms?
Answer
Dosing inaccuracy, irritation, stability issues, high cost.
23
Question
Name a few types of dermal dosage forms.
Answer
Creams, lotions, ointments, transdermal patches, dermal implants.
24
Question
List some advantages of dermal dosage forms.
Answer
Non-invasive, sustained release, bypasses first-pass metabolism.
25
Question
What are some disadvantages of dermal dosage forms?
Answer
Dose inaccuracy, incomplete absorption.
26
Question
What particle size is optimal for respiratory/pulmonary drug delivery?
Answer
5-20 micrometers
27
Question
What are some advantages of respiratory/pulmonary dosage forms?
Answer
Fast action, targeted delivery, lower doses.
28
Question
What are some disadvantages of respiratory/pulmonary dosage forms?
Answer
Inconsistent delivery, local side effects, device dependence.
29
Question
What are some advantages of suppository dosage forms?
Answer
For patients who cannot swallow, bypasses first-pass metabolism.
30
Question
What are some disadvantages of suppository dosage forms?
Answer
Erratic absorption, patient acceptability issues, storage problems.