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Eating Disorders and Suicide Nursing
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Eating Disorders and Suicide Nursing
Eating Disorders and Suicide Nursing
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1
Question
What is the first nursing intervention for a patient with anorexia emaciated and electrolyte imbalance?
Answer
Correct electrolyte imbalances. Low potassium can cause cardiac arrest.
2
Question
What class of medications are commonly prescribed for anorexia after electrolyte imbalances are corrected?
Answer
SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) such as Prozac, Zoloft, or Paxil. They typically take 2-4 weeks to reach full effect.
3
Question
Why is it important to monitor I&O for a patient with anorexia?
Answer
To assess fluid balance and kidney function. Purging behaviors can lead to dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities.
4
Question
List 5 common side effects of SSRIs.
Answer
1. Nausea 2. Diarrhea 3. Insomnia 4. Dry mouth 5. Decreased libido
5
Question
Why should nurses set limits for patients with anorexia?
Answer
Patients with eating disorders can be manipulative. Setting limits provides structure and helps to manage manipulative behaviors.
6
Question
Why is it important to teach patients about their eating disorder?
Answer
Education can help patients overcome denial and improve treatment adherence. Many patients are readmitted to the hospital after relapse and this can help them understand the disorder.
7
Question
Why is it important to involve the family in the treatment process for anorexia?
Answer
The family can be a source of stress and the cause of anorexia. Involving them can improve communication, understanding, and support for the patient.
8
Question
What is the effect of TCAs?
Answer
TCA are toxic when the condition is severe and has a rapid onset. They are not the first line of treatment, but are used when the patient is severely ill.
9
Question
What is the effect of MAOIs?
Answer
MAOIs can be fatal and are not used often.
10
Question
What is the effect of lithium?
Answer
Lithium has a serotogenic effect.
11
Question
What are EPS?
Answer
Extrapyramidal Side Effects. These are side effects of antipsychotic medications. Give anti-parkinsons medications to counteract the EPS.
12
Question
What is acute dystonic reaction?
Answer
Spasms in discrete muscle groups, such as the neck muscles (torticollis) or eye muscles (oculogyric crisis). May also be accompanied by protrusion of the tongue, dysphagia, and laryngeal and pharyngeal spasms. Treat with Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) IM or IV or Benztropine (Cogentin) IM.
13
Question
What is Akathisia?
Answer
Restless movement, pacing, inability to remain still, and the clients report of inner restlessness. Usually develops when the antipsychotic is started or when the dose is increased. Beta-blockers such as propranolol are most effective, and benzodiazepines.
14
Question
What is Pseudo parkinsonism or neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism?
Answer
Includes shuffling gait, masklike facies, muscle stiffness (continuous, or cogwheeling rigidity).
15
Question
What are ratchet-like movements of joints, drooling, and akinesia indicative of?
Answer
Extrapyramidal Symptoms (EPS), which are reversible movement disorders induced by neuroleptic medications. Akinesia refers to slowness and difficulty initiating movement.
16
Question
What is Russell's sign and what does it indicate?
Answer
Calluses on the knuckles or back of the hand due to repetitive self-induced vomiting over a long period of time. This is often seen in individuals with bulimia nervosa.
17
Question
What medications are used to treat EPS?
Answer
Benzotropine (Cogentin), Trihexyphenidyl (Artane), Biperiden (Akineton), Procyclidine (Kemadrin), Amantadine (Symmetrel), Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), Dizepam (Valium), Lorazepam (Ativan), and Propranolol (Inderal).
18
Question
What is the AIMS test used for?
Answer
The AIMS (Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale) is used to screen for symptoms of movement disorders. It observes the patient in several positions, and the severity of symptoms is rated from 0 to 4.
19
Question
List nursing interventions for a patient with Bulimia Nervosa.
Answer
1. Accept patient as a worthwhile person. 2. Encourage patient to discuss positive qualities about themselves. 3. Inform patient to approach the nurse when they feel the urge to binge. 4. Encourage group activity. Rationale: Accepting the patient and encouraging positive self-talk can improve self-esteem. Approaching the nurse when feeling the urge to binge can provide immediate support and redirection. Group activity allows for shared experiences and peer support.
20
Question
What is the primary characteristic of Bulimia Nervosa?
Answer
The diet-binge-purge disorder, which involves eating large amounts of food in a short period of time followed by compensatory behaviors (purging).
21
Question
What therapies are commonly used in the treatment of Bulimia Nervosa?
Answer
Family Therapy and Behavioral Therapy. Family therapy addresses underlying family issues, while behavioral therapy focuses on changing maladaptive eating behaviors.
22
Question
What medications are used in the treatment of bulimia nervosa?
Answer
Antidepressants, specifically SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors), such as Tofraile or Prozac. These medications act as mood elevators.
23
Question
What are the causes of obesity?
Answer
1. Lack of adequate variety of food to eat. 2. Side effects of steroids. 3. Compulsive eating.
24
Question
List nursing interventions for a patient with obesity.
Answer
1. Assess suicidal thoughts. 2. Assess depression. 3. Provide one-on-one sessions. 4. Provide activity. 5. Provide group activity. Rationale: Assessing for suicidal thoughts and depression is crucial due to the psychological impact of obesity. One-on-one sessions allow for personalized support, while physical and group activities promote physical and emotional well-being.
25
Question
Pica Definition
Answer
Persistent eating of non-nutritive, non-food substances for at least one month. Common in children (2-3 years), individuals with intellectual disabilities, neglect, or poor family supervision.
26
Question
Anorexia Athletica Definition
Answer
Obsession with exercise beyond what is required for good health. Individuals may engage in excessive exercise to control weight or body shape.
27
Question
Muscle Dysmorphia (Bigorexia) Definition
Answer
A disorder where individuals, typically males, excessively worry that they are too small, undeveloped, or frail, leading to compulsive weightlifting and other behaviors.
28
Question
Orthorexia Nervosa Definition
Answer
Pathological fixation on eating only proper, pure, or superior foods, leading to restrictive diets and potential nutritional deficiencies.
29
Question
Night Eating Syndrome Definition
Answer
Lack of appetite for breakfast due to preoccupation with eating late in the day or night. Characterized by evening hyperphagia (increased food consumption).
30
Question
Nocturnal Sleep-Related Eating Disorder Definition
Answer
Eating while asleep without conscious awareness or recall of the event. Can involve consuming unusual or dangerous food combinations.