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Malaria Parasite Life Cycle
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Malaria Parasite Life Cycle
Malaria Parasite Life Cycle
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1
Question
Why do female mosquitoes bite humans?
Answer
Female mosquitoes need proteins in our blood to produce eggs, unlike male mosquitoes that feed on nectars and plant extracts.
2
Question
What is the process of multiplication of sporozoites in the liver called?
Answer
Schizogony
3
Question
What are the individual parasites produced after schizogony in the liver?
Answer
Merozoites
4
Question
Which organ is primarily involved in malaria, and is there any pathology?
Answer
The liver is the first organ involved, but there is no reported liver pathology.
5
Question
When does malaria become problematic?
Answer
When it targets the RBCs
6
Question
What are the two rounds of schizogony in the malaria cycle?
Answer
Exo-erythrocytic cycle and Erythrocytic cycle
7
Question
How do you get malaria?
Answer
Bite of the FEMALE Anopheles mosquito
8
Question
What infective stage do female Anopheles mosquitoes deliver to humans?
Answer
Sporozoites
9
Question
What are the two types of gametocytes?
Answer
Microgametocytes (male) and Macrogametocyte (female)
10
Question
What are the three processes happening in humans during malaria infection?
Answer
Exo-erythrocytic Schizogony, Erythrocytic Schizogony, and Gametogony
11
Question
Are the 3 cycles happening in humans (Exo-erythrocytic Schizogony, Erythrocytic Schizogony, and Gametogony) asexual or sexual?
Answer
Asexual
12
Question
What is produced after fertilization in the midgut of the mosquito?
Answer
Ookinete
13
Question
Which organism harbors the sexual stage of Plasmodium?
Answer
Mosquito (definitive host)
14
Question
What is the role of humans in the life cycle of Plasmodium?
Answer
Humans (intermediate hosts)
15
Question
Where do sexual and asexual reproduction occur in the Plasmodium life cycle?
Answer
Sexual reproduction: Inside the mosquito. Asexual reproduction: Inside the humans.
16
Question
What is the infective stage to the Intermediate host humans of malaria?
Answer
SPOROZOITES
17
Question
What do you call the process of sporozoite formation?
Answer
Sporogony
18
Question
What is the role of the mosquito in the malaria life cycle?
Answer
BIOLOGICAL VECTOR
19
Question
What is the mode of transmission of malaria?
Answer
BITE OF FEMALE ANOPHELES MOSQUITO
20
Question
What is the human considered in the malaria life cycle?
Answer
INTERMEDIATE HOST
21
Question
After being infected with Plasmodium ovale and treated, Faith got infected again months later without a new mosquito bite. Why?
Answer
The HYPNOZOITES
22
Question
What is Recrudescence?
Answer
Return of malaria symptoms due to remaining parasites multiplying again, with NO HYPNOZOITES INVOLVED
23
Question
Faith got malaria and started treatment, but the medication only attacked the drug-susceptible parasites. What is this an example of?
Answer
DRUG-RESISTANT STRAIN
24
Question
Faith completed her malaria treatment and tested negative for parasites, but the doctor ordered 3 tests. Why?
Answer
False negative results
25
Question
If Faith stopped the treatment, she will only allow the infection to develop malaria again BUT this is NOT A RELAPSE, it is the _______ because there are NO HYPNOZOITES INVOLVED
Answer
Recrudescence
26
Question
Reactivation of P. vivax _______ from the dormant stage of the parasite causes clinical relapses.
Answer
Hypnozoites
27
Question
Faith contracted _______, received treatment, and recovered. Paranoid, she took precautionsrepellent, long sleeves, etc. Yet months later, she was infected again, despite no mosquito bite. The culprit? Dormant HYPNOZOITES awakening inside her.
Answer
Plasmodium ovale
28
Question
Relapsing malaria is due to _______
Answer
Hypnozoites
29
Question
A person obtains the infection because they got bitten again True to any Plasmodium spp. _______
Answer
Reinfection
30
Question
If there is almost no cytoplasm _______
Answer
Gametocytes