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Operating System Concepts
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Operating System Concepts
Operating System Concepts
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1
Question
What is the purpose of mutual exclusion in operating systems?
Answer
Mutual exclusion ensures that if one process is executing in its critical section, no other process is allowed to execute in its critical section, hence preventing race conditions.
2
Question
Choose the correct option: In order to implement mutual exclusion on a critical resource for competing processes, only one program at a time should be allowed:
Answer
A. In the critical region of the program.
3
Question
What is the language of the CPU known as?
Answer
A. Instruction set.
4
Question
Which mutual exclusion condition does the Lock Variables Software proposal violate?
Answer
A. No two processes simultaneously in critical region.
5
Question
Which file structure is used for file system in Windows?
Answer
D. Tree.
6
Question
What is the technique that most virtual memory systems use?
Answer
D. Paging.
7
Question
Given a virtual address space of 2^24 words and a page size of 2^12 words, what is the page number for the virtual address 123456 in hexadecimal?
Answer
A. 123.
8
Question
What is the safe state in resource allocation?
Answer
A state where all processes can obtain their required resources without entering a deadlock.
9
Question
What condition causes processes to be terminated when there is a program bug?
Answer
C. Fatal error involuntary.
10
Question
What is the role of the file system in disk management?
Answer
C. To organize and track files and data on the disk.
11
Question
What are directories in the context of file systems?
Answer
A. Special files with listings of filenames and their attributes.
12
Question
Given five batch jobs A through E with estimated running times of 8, 6, 2, 10, and 4 minutes, what is the average turnaround time for FCFS scheduling?
Answer
B. 18 minutes.
13
Question
If there are 64 pages and the page size is 2048 words, what is the length of the logical address?
Answer
C. 16 bits.
14
Question
Which approaches to handle deadlocks do not typically include?
Answer
C. Deterrence.
15
Question
What are the typical conditions for deadlock?
Answer
Mutual exclusion, hold and wait, no preemption, and circular wait.
16
Question
What is the definition of a page fault in virtual memory systems?
Answer
A page fault occurs when a program attempts to access a page that is not currently mapped to physical memory.
17
Question
What are the possible results of a process when it is terminated?
Answer
Normal exit (voluntary), error exit (voluntary), fatal error (involuntary), or being killed by another process (involuntary).
18
Question
What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary process termination?
Answer
Voluntary termination is when the process ends on its own accord while involuntary termination is enforced by the operating system due to an error or other issues.
19
Question
What are the components of a directory in a file system?
Answer
A directory contains filenames, metadata (such as file attributes), and pointers to the actual data locations on a disk.
20
Question
Explain the concept of turnaround time in process scheduling.
Answer
Turnaround time is the total time taken from submission of a process to its completion; it includes the waiting time and the actual execution time.
21
Question
What is the term for the top of the file system tree?
Answer
B. Root directory
22
Question
In a swapping system with hole sizes of 10K, 4K, 20K, 15K, and 9K, which holes are used for successive segment requests of 8K, 12K, and 10K using the worst fit algorithm?
Answer
A. 20K, 15K, 10K
23
Question
Which RAID level uses strip-for-strip parity for error detection?
Answer
C. 3 D. 4 and 5
24
Question
Which operating systems are often used on supercomputers, mainframes, and servers?
Answer
C. UNIX
25
Question
Rearrange the layers in I/O software starting at the bottom: 1. User-level I/O software 2. Device drivers 3. Interrupt handlers 4. Hardware 5. Device-independent OS software
Answer
C. 43251
26
Question
Which operation is done by Device-independent OS software?
Answer
A. Computing the track, sector, and head for a disk read
27
Question
What methods are used to keep track of free blocks in disk space management?
Answer
C. Both linked list method and bitmap method
28
Question
When is internal fragmentation possible in paging?
Answer
B. The last page of the job is less than the maximum page size
29
Question
Which statement is not true about separating I/O and memory space?
Answer
A. Device drivers must be written using assembly language
30
Question
Which statement about CPU handling interrupts is incorrect?
Answer
D. None of the other choices