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ICT and Computer Technology Overview
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ICT and Computer Technology Overview
ICT and Computer Technology Overview
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1
Question
What is the definition of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT)?
Answer
A phrase used by academic researchers since the 1980s, popularized in 1997.
2
Question
When did the term "information technology" evolve and what is its basic concept?
Answer
The term evolved in the 1970s, tracing back to World War II military and industry alliance.
3
Question
What are the four generations of computers and their respective hardware?
Answer
Vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, integrated circuits on a single computer chip.
4
Question
Who developed the first commercial computer, UNIVAC I, and when?
Answer
John Eckert and John W. Mauchly in 1951.
5
Question
Where were mainframe computers used for the twenty-five years after UNIVAC I?
Answer
Large corporations for calculations and database manipulation.
6
Question
Who developed microcomputers in 1975?
Answer
Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1975.
7
Question
When was the first personal computer introduced by IBM?
Answer
Fall of 1981
8
Question
What are the four categories computers are divided into?
Answer
Supercomputer, mainframe, minicomputer, and microcomputer
9
Question
What is a common name for a microcomputer?
Answer
Personal computer
10
Question
Name a way computers are used in business for financial records.
Answer
Billing customers, tracking payments, tracking supplies, etc.
11
Question
What is a POS terminal?
Answer
Point-of-sale terminal that maintains inventory and sales information.
12
Question
What are tasks robots do?
Answer
Tasks that are hot, heavy, hazardous, routine, or repetitive.
13
Question
What does CAT stand for?
Answer
Computerized Axial Tomography
14
Question
What does MRI produce?
Answer
Detailed three-dimensional images of the body's organs, changes in body chemistry, and blood flow.
15
Question
What do meteorologists use to predict weather?
Answer
Supercomputers, weather observations, mathematical representations of the atmosphere, and geographic data.
16
Question
What are CADCAM programs used for?
Answer
Improved products in many fields, especially where designs tend to be very detailed.
17
Question
What is SAP?
Answer
A German software package that runs on mainframe computers and provides an enterprise-wide solution for information technologies.
18
Question
What are ATMs (also known as cashpoints)?
Answer
Allows you to check your bank balance or withdraw cash from wherever you are in the world. They are networked to a central computer, which has records of your account in a filing system known as a database.
19
Question
How are debit and credit cards used in finance with ICT?
Answer
The shop till uses a terminal connected to other computers via a network to transfer identification details from your card to your bank or credit card company for verification, and your balance adjusted accordingly.
20
Question
How has IT transformed business?
Answer
Online auctions, such as eBay, have been created, while existing business types have been transformed through the use of IT systems.
21
Question
What is the impact of the internet?
Answer
The internet has had an enormous impact on all areas of life, providing access to online information resources and communication with others.
22
Question
What are some of the issues that have become a concern with the development of new online communities?
Answer
Identity and security concerns, new types of crime like identity theft and financial frauds.
23
Question
What technologies have influenced changes in the world of entertainment?
Answer
Digital broadcasting, digital cameras, printers, scanners, computer gaming, and changes in music production and distribution.
24
Question
How is technology being used in public services like healthcare and transportation?
Answer
Electronic patient records shared between departments, computer networks for remote diagnosis, passenger information via networked computers, and networked communication systems for transport control.
25
Question
What does a business analyst do?
Answer
Examining an organization to determine how to better achieve goals, often with a strong IT component.
26
Question
Who controls the internet?
Answer
No individual government, company, or person has control over it.
27
Question
Why do Business Analysts examine an organization?
Answer
To determine how to better achieve goals.
28
Question
How has the internet affected the publication of information?
Answer
The internet has revolutionized the way information can be published, raising questions about the authority and regulation of content.
29
Question
What do Data Analysts do?
Answer
Analyze data to identify problems and solutions for businesses and organizations.
30
Question
What are the educational requirements to become a Data Analyst?
Answer
Programming languages and a bachelor's degree in Information Technology and Data Analysis.