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Properties and States of Matter
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Properties and States of Matter
Properties and States of Matter
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1
Question
What are the three states of matter?
Answer
Solid, Liquid, Gas.
2
Question
What are the two types of properties of matter?
Answer
Chemical Properties and Physical Properties.
3
Question
What is an Intensive Property?
Answer
An Intensive Property does not depend on the amount of matter in a sample.
4
Question
What is an Extensive Property?
Answer
An Extensive Property depends on how much matter a sample contains.
5
Question
Define an Atom.
Answer
An Atom is the smallest particle of an element that has all properties of the element.
6
Question
Define a Molecule.
Answer
A Molecule is a neutral particle that consists of two or more atoms which are chemically bonded together.
7
Question
Define an Ion.
Answer
An Ion is a positively charged or negatively charged particle.
8
Question
What is a Diatomic Molecule? Provide examples.
Answer
A Diatomic Molecule refers to a molecule that is made up of two atoms of either the same or different elements. Examples include H2, N2, O2, F2, Cl2, Br2, and I2.
9
Question
Who named the particle Atom, and what does it mean?
Answer
Democritus named the particle atom from the Greek word 'Atomos', meaning indivisible.
10
Question
List the 4 characteristics of particles of matter.
Answer
1. Very very small 2. Have spaces between them 3. Continuously moving 4. Attract each other.
11
Question
What are Intermolecular forces?
Answer
Intermolecular forces refer to the attraction between atoms, molecules, and ions nearby.
12
Question
What does pH stand for?
Answer
pH means Potential of Hydrogen.
13
Question
What is a Pure Substance?
Answer
A Pure Substance is made up of only one kind of particle and has a fixed or constant structure.
14
Question
Define an Element.
Answer
An Element is a simple substance that cannot be broken down into smaller parts or changed into another substance.
15
Question
Define a Compound.
Answer
A Compound is a substance made up of two or more different chemical elements combined in a fixed ratio.
16
Question
What is a Mixture?
Answer
A Mixture is a compound made up of two or more chemical components that are not chemically linked.
17
Question
What is a Homogeneous Mixture? Provide examples.
Answer
A Homogeneous Mixture is a gaseous, liquid or solid mixture that has the same proportions of its components throughout a given sample. Examples include coffee, wine, air, vinegar.
18
Question
What is a Heterogeneous Mixture? Provide examples.
Answer
A Heterogeneous Mixture is a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture. Examples include pizza, soda with ice, salad, sandwich.
19
Question
What is Filtration?
Answer
Filtration is a method used to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid substance.
20
Question
What is Decantation?
Answer
Decantation is the separation of the liquid layer known as supernatant and a heavy insoluble solid known as precipitate.
21
Question
What is Mechanical Separation?
Answer
Mechanical Separation involves the use of tools to separate the components of mixtures.
22
Question
What is Centrifugation?
Answer
Centrifugation is a process that uses a motor device that speeds up the settling of the precipitate.
23
Question
What is Distillation?
Answer
Distillation is the evaporation and condensation of a liquid solvent.
24
Question
What is Chromatography?
Answer
Chromatography is a method used to separate different parts of a mixture.
25
Question
What is Electrolysis?
Answer
Electrolysis is a chemical decomposition or breakdown produced by passing an electric current.
26
Question
What is Measurement?
Answer
A measurement is obtained by comparing a quantity with a standard unit.
27
Question
What is the standard unit for Weight?
Answer
The standard unit for Weight is kilograms (kg).
28
Question
What is the standard unit for Length?
Answer
The standard unit for Length can be centimeters (cm) or inches (in).
29
Question
Define Accuracy in measurement.
Answer
Accuracy is the closeness of a measurement to the true or accepted value.
30
Question
Define Precision in measurement.
Answer
Precision is the degree of agreement between successive measurements using a given instrument, indicating how close measurements are to each other.