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AQA Design and Technology Revision Guide
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AQA Design and Technology Revision Guide
AQA Design and Technology Revision Guide
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1
Question
structure of the manufacturing process
Answer
system that involves several processes to create finished product from raw materials; split into three parts: input (materials, tools, equipment), process (what happens to the input), and output (the finished product)
2
Question
automation in manufacturing
Answer
use of machines to perform tasks automatically with little or no human input; present in many modern factories
3
Question
advantages of using robots in manufacturing
Answer
increased speed of production, high accuracy, consistent quality, ability to work in dangerous situations
4
Question
disadvantages of using robots in manufacturing
Answer
potential for job loss, high initial costs for buying robots, the inability of robots to carry out tasks requiring human judgment
5
Question
smart technology in manufacturing
Answer
computerized machines connected with other machines and sensors in the factory to share data which allows them to organize tasks and monitor stock levels without human input
6
Question
Internet of Things (IoT) in relation to manufacturing
Answer
describes the connection of various machines, devices, and technology to the internet, allowing for processes such as receiving and processing online customer orders
7
Question
item tracking in modern automated factories
Answer
using tags that can be scanned or detected as they move around the factory, allowing for real-time updates on the status of materials, tools, and products
8
Question
production systems
Answer
organized processes and methods used to manufacture products from raw materials; can include automation and smart technology
9
Question
importance of having a design specification
Answer
to outline the criteria and requirements that a design must meet based on research findings and the needs of intended users
10
Question
role of robots in modern manufacturing
Answer
perform specific tasks such as welding and stamping in manufacturing, enhancing speed, efficiency, and accuracy
11
Question
smart technology improving efficiency in manufacturing
Answer
by allowing machines to communicate and share data, enabling them to organize tasks and monitor inventory autonomously
12
Question
methods human workers can use to share information
Answer
telephone, e-mail, video-conferencing, and other internet-based communication systems
13
Question
modern factory design aims to incorporate?
Answer
smart technology and to minimize their environmental impact, e.g., using new water recycling systems to reduce water use
14
Question
how can factories be designed for flexibility?
Answer
made of modular components that can be taken apart, moved, or added to; e.g., extra production space can be added if needed
15
Question
technological advances reducing the need for large factory spaces
Answer
increased use of robots and automation = factories can take up less space; 3D printing = small machine = manufacturing moving out of large factories to smaller, local spaces
16
Question
warehouse workers using devices to improve efficiency
Answer
tablet to direct them around the warehouse in the most efficient route to collect items in customer orders
17
Question
Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS)
Answer
a set of different machines which carry out different stages of production, computer-controlled automated systems that transport materials through the different processes and eventually store the finished product
18
Question
Why are Flexible Manufacturing Systems called flexible
Answer
they are easy to adapt; it's fairly quick and straightforward to change the system if the design of the product being manufactured is altered.
19
Question
Lean Manufacturing
Answer
Japanese approach that aims to minimize the amount of resources used and waste produced
20
Question
goal of Lean Manufacturing
Answer
minimize costs and maximize efficiency
21
Question
Just-in-Time (JIT) system
Answer
system of stock control; form of lean manufacturing; materials and components are delivered as they are needed and used as soon as they're delivered
22
Question
advantages of JIT
Answer
reducing the amount of space needed for storage of materials and finished products; saves money on renting large warehouses; less money tied up in materials that aren't being used
23
Question
purpose of Computer Aided Design (CAD) software
Answer
allows designers to create 2D or 3D designs quickly, helps model and change designs, enables experimentation with alternative colors and forms
24
Question
process of Computer Aided Manufacture (CAM)
Answer
process of manufacturing products with the help of computers; CAD software calculates the coordinates for each point on the drawing
25
Question
x, y, z coordinates in CAD/CAM
Answer
X is the left-right position; Y is the forwards-backwards position; Z is the up-down position; point where x, y, and z meet is referred to as 0,0,0 (datum)
26
Question
difference between subtraction and addition in CAM machines
Answer
subtraction is where material is removed from a solid block to form an object (e.g., milling machines); addition involves adding material, such as in 3D printing
27
Question
carbon footprint
Answer
amount of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, released into the atmosphere by making, using, and eventually recycling or disposing of a product at the end of its lifetime
28
Question
factors contributing to a product's carbon footprint
Answer
Factors include emissions during manufacture, transportation of raw materials and finished products, and energy used during the product's lifecycle.
29
Question
sustainability in terms of product design
Answer
not causing permanent damage to the environment and not using up finite resources
30
Question
finite resources?
Answer
those that are slowly running out and may be depleted within a certain timeframe