/
Global Health and Environmental Issues
Save to my account
Sign up
Global Health and Environmental Issues
Global Health and Environmental Issues
Study
1
Question
What are common afflictions related to global health?
Answer
Malaria, AIDS, yellow fever, schistosomiasis, river blindness, guinea worm, buruli ulcer, ebola, cholera.
2
Question
What was the trend in malaria deaths from 2000-2009?
Answer
Global trends in malaria deaths from 2000-09.
3
Question
What are the trends in guinea worm cases from 1986-2015?
Answer
Global trends in guinea worm cases from 1986-2015.
4
Question
What are the trends in HIV/AIDS infection rates in sub-Saharan Africa from 1990-2009?
Answer
Trends in HIV/AIDS infection rates in sub-Saharan Africa, 1990-2009.
5
Question
Which region is currently the worst affected by HIV/AIDS?
Answer
Southern Africa.
6
Question
Which region historically experienced severe impacts from HIV/AIDS?
Answer
Central Africa, particularly Uganda.
7
Question
What percentage of all AIDS cases globally occur in Africa?
Answer
Approximately 80-85%.
8
Question
What are the primary and secondary methods of geographical diffusion for diseases?
Answer
Primary method is trade routes, particularly truck drivers; secondary method is labor migration.
9
Question
What is the Anthropocene?
Answer
A proposed geologic epoch that starts when human activity began to show up in the geological record, the era of humans.
10
Question
When did the Anthropocene begin according to Paul Crutzen?
Answer
Crutzen dates it to the late 18th century, specifically the invention of the steam engine around 1782.
11
Question
What geological evidence supports the existence of the Anthropocene?
Answer
Rocks and fossils, radioactive dating methods.
12
Question
What are climate change indicators used to know we are living in the Anthropocene?
Answer
Tree rings, ocean sediments, coral reefs, and layers of rocks.
13
Question
What are the consequences of apocalyptic human damage to the environment?
Answer
Catastrophic consequences, emphasizing the irreversible impact of human activities.
14
Question
What is the techno-optimist perspective on environmental issues?
Answer
Technological innovation can solve mankind's negative impact on the earth, as suggested by Paul Crutzen.
15
Question
What is Gifford Pinchot's definition of conservationism?
Answer
The efficient and sustainable use of natural resources for the greatest good for the greatest number.
16
Question
What are the shortcomings of conservationism?
Answer
Value is mostly understood in economic terms rather than spiritual, aesthetic, or ecological logics; majority rules can be bad for minorities who rely on nature.
17
Question
What does John Muir's preservationism emphasize?
Answer
Belief that nature has intrinsic value and should be protected from all human activity except observation.
18
Question
What are the shortcomings of preservationism?
Answer
Disregards the interests of people who lived off the land and ranks nature's value based on how wild it appears.
19
Question
What is Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic?
Answer
Land use must be guided by knowledge of ecological connections and ecosystem health, preserving the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community.
20
Question
What is the multilateral approach to the environment?
Answer
Multiple countries coming together to define and work toward common goals.
21
Question
What are examples of successful multilateral conferences?
Answer
UNFCCC, COP, CBD.
22
Question
What were the major UN Environmental Decisions?
Answer
1992 Rio Earth Summit, 1997 Kyoto Protocol, 2015 Paris Agreement.
23
Question
What is the target set by the Paris Agreement?
Answer
20% reduction in CO2 emissions, increase in market share of renewable energy to 20%, and 20% improvement in energy efficiency.
24
Question
What are nature-based solutions?
Answer
Attempts to solve environmental problems by utilizing natural features and processes.
25
Question
What are examples of nature-based solutions?
Answer
Afforestation, reduction of urban heat island effect, reduction of desertification.
26
Question
What is geo-engineering?
Answer
Deliberate large-scale interventions in the earth's natural systems to counteract climate change.
27
Question
How are Caribbean and island nations affected by climate change?
Answer
They face heightened vulnerability to hurricanes due to warming waters, leading to more intense storms.
28
Question
What is the Shock Doctrine?
Answer
Political actors exploit the chaos of natural disasters, wars, and other crises to push through unpopular policies such as deregulation and privatization.
29
Question
What is disaster capitalism?
Answer
How corporations and private interests exploit vulnerable countries and cities in the wake of crisis.
30
Question
What are examples of climate financing?
Answer
Climate Mitigation Funding, Climate Adaptation, Loss and Damage.