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Nervous System Overview
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Nervous System Overview
Nervous System Overview
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1
Question
What are the two main parts of the nervous system?
Answer
Central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS).
2
Question
What does the central nervous system (CNS) consist of?
Answer
The CNS consists of the brain and the spinal cord.
3
Question
What is the structure of the brain made up of?
Answer
The brain is made up of neurons, glia, and other supporting cells.
4
Question
How is the brain protected?
Answer
The brain is encased in bone (skull) and covered by the blood-brain barrier.
5
Question
What fluid does the brain float in?
Answer
The brain floats in a pool of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
6
Question
What is the function of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?
Answer
CSF supports the brain, protects it from shock, and helps maintain a consistent blood supply.
7
Question
What percentage of the body's blood flow does the brain receive?
Answer
The brain receives about 20% of the blood flow from the heart.
8
Question
What can the brain store as fuel?
Answer
The brain can store a small amount of fuel, usually glucose.
9
Question
What happens if there is an interruption in blood supply to the brain?
Answer
An interruption can lead to brain damage.
10
Question
What are the anatomical directions in the nervous system?
Answer
Anterior (front), Posterior (tail), Rostral (towards the nose), Caudal (towards the tail), Dorsal (top/back), Ventral (front surface). Lateral (towards the side), and medial (towards the middle)
11
Question
Refers to structures on the same side of the body
Answer
Ipsilateral
12
Question
Refers to structures on opposite sides of the body
Answer
Contralateral
13
Question
What is the neuraxis?
Answer
The neuraxis is an imaginary line drawn through the length of the CNS, from the bottom of the spinal cord up to the front of the brain.
14
Question
What are the 3 standard ways to slice the nervous system?
Answer
Cross sections (frontal sections), Horizontal sections (parallel cut), and Sagittal sections (perpendicular cut to the ground).
15
Question
What are the three layers of the meninges?
Answer
Dura mater (outer layer), Arachnoid membrane (middle layer), Pia mater (inner layer).
16
Question
What is the subarachnoid space?
Answer
The subarachnoid space is the area between the arachnoid membrane and pia mater, filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
17
Question
What is the purpose of the ventricular system?
Answer
The ventricular system produces and contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and includes interconnected chambers.
18
Question
What is the role of the choroid plexus?
Answer
The choroid plexus is special tissue that makes CSF and is located within the ventricles.
19
Question
What condition is referred to as obstructive hydrocephalus?
Answer
Obstructive hydrocephalus occurs when the flow of CSF is blocked, leading to the expansion of the ventricles.
20
Question
What does the forebrain consist of?
Answer
The forebrain consists of the telencephalon and diencephalon.
21
Question
What structures make up the telencephalon?
Answer
The telencephalon includes the cerebral cortex, limbic system, and basal ganglia.
22
Question
What are the four lobes of the cerebral cortex?
Answer
Frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Temporal lobe, and Occipital lobe.
23
Question
Where is the primary visual cortex located?
Answer
The primary visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe at the back of the brain.
24
Question
What does the primary visual cortex do?
Answer
The primary visual cortex receives visual information and is contained in the occipital lobe.
25
Question
What is the function of the primary auditory cortex?
Answer
The primary auditory cortex is located in the temporal lobes and processes auditory information.
26
Question
What is the function of the primary somatosensory cortex?
Answer
The primary somatosensory cortex receives information from the body senses and is located in the parietal lobe..
27
Question
What type of information does the primary motor cortex control?
Answer
The primary motor cortex is directly involved in the control of movement.
28
Question
What is the corpus callosum?
Answer
The corpus callosum is a large band of axons that connects the corresponding parts of the cerebral cortex of the left and right hemispheres.
29
Question
What is the function of the limbic system?
Answer
The limbic system is involved in learning, memory, and emotions.
30
Question
What are the major parts of the basal ganglia?
Answer
Caudate nucleus, Putamen, and Globus pallidus.