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MitosisandMeiosis.pdf Flashcards
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MitosisandMeiosis.pdf Flashcards
Mitosis and Meiosis Flashcards
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1
Question
What is the first step in mitosis?
Answer
Prophase (preparation phase)
2
Question
What occurs in interphase just before mitosis begins?
Answer
DNA replication along with organelles and other cellular components, and the cell prepares for division
3
Question
What is the purpose of meiosis?
Answer
To produce reproductive cells (sperm, eggs) and create genetic diversity by combining genes from two parents
4
Question
What happens during prophase in mitosis?
Answer
The DNA recoils, chromosomes condense, nuclear membrane disappears, and mitotic spindles begin to form
5
Question
How many new cells are formed as a result of meiosis?
Answer
Four new cells
6
Question
What is the 2nd step in Mitosis?
Answer
Metaphase
7
Question
How are the chromosomes arranged in Metaphase?
Answer
The chromosomes line up the middle of the cell with the help of spindle fibers attached to the centromere of each replicated chromosome
8
Question
What is the 3rd step in Mitosis?
Answer
Anaphase
9
Question
What happens during Anaphase in Mitosis?
Answer
The chromosomes split in the middle and the sister chromatids are pulled by the spindle fibers to opposite poles of the cell
10
Question
What is cytokinesis?
Answer
Cytokinesis is the actual splitting of the daughter cells into two separate cells after mitosis.
11
Question
How does cytokinesis occur differently in plant and animal cells?
Answer
Cytokinesis occurs differently in plant and animal cells. In plant cells, it begins with the formation of a cell plate, while in animal cells, it begins with the formation of a cleavage furrow.
12
Question
What is the beginning of cytokinesis in a plant cell?
Answer
The beginning of cytokinesis in a plant cell involves the formation of a cell plate.
13
Question
What is the beginning of cytokinesis in an animal cell?
Answer
The beginning of cytokinesis in an animal cell involves the formation of a cleavage furrow.
14
Question
What is interphase in the context of meiosis?
Answer
Interphase is the phase that precedes meiosis, where the chromosomes have not yet condensed.
15
Question
What happens to the chromosomes during interphase in meiosis?
Answer
During interphase in meiosis, the chromosomes replicate, and the chromatin begins to condense.
16
Question
What happens in Meiosis Prophase I?
Answer
The chromosomes are completely condensed and homologous chromosomes pair with one another.
17
Question
What happens in Meiosis Metaphase I?
Answer
The nuclear membrane dissolves, and homologous chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers preparing to go to opposite poles.
18
Question
What happens in Meiosis Anaphase I?
Answer
The chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell.
19
Question
What happens in Meiosis Telophase I and Cytokinesis?
Answer
The cell begins to divide into two daughter cells, and each daughter cell can get any combination of maternal and paternal chromosomes.
20
Question
What happens in Meiosis Prophase II?
Answer
The cell has divided into two daughter cells.
21
Question
What happens in Anaphase II of meiosis?
Answer
The chromosomes move to opposite ends of each cell.
22
Question
What happens in Telophase II of meiosis?
Answer
With the formation of four cells, meiosis is over.
23
Question
What is the result of meiosis in terms of chromosome number in the prospective germ cells?
Answer
Each of the four cells carries half the number of chromosomes of somatic cells.
24
Question
What is the importance of cellular reproduction in the perpetuation of life?
Answer
Reproduction, repair of injuries, growth, and development
25
Question
Describe the cell cycle as an orderly process that results in new somatic cells.
Answer
The cell cycle is an orderly process that results in new somatic cells through mitosis and meiosis.
26
Question
What are the possible consequences if the cell cycle is disrupted?
Answer
Possible consequences of disrupted cell cycle include abnormal cell growth, cell death, and genetic mutations.
27
Question
What are the types of cell division?
Answer
The types of cell division are mitosis and meiosis.
28
Question
Which type of cell division do body cells undergo?
Answer
Body cells undergo mitosis.
29
Question
Which type of cell division do sex cells undergo?
Answer
Sex cells undergo meiosis.
30
Question
What are the organelles involved in cell division?
Answer
Nucleus and other organelles play roles in cell division.
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