/
Flashcard Deck
Save to my account
Sign up
Flashcard Deck
Civic literacy review 1
Study
1
Question
Answer
2
Question
Answer
3
Question
Answer
4
Question
Supremacy Clause
Answer
The Supremacy Clause establishes that the U.S. Constitution, federal laws, and treaties are the supreme law of the land.
5
Question
concurrent powers
Answer
Concurrent powers are powers that are shared by both the federal government and state governments.
6
Question
implied powers
Answer
Powers that are not explicitly stated in the Constitution but are implied to be granted to the federal government.
7
Question
President pro tempore of the Senate
Answer
Officer of the Senate selected by the majority party to act as chair in the absence of the Vice President who is the President of the Senate
8
Question
democracy
Answer
A system of government in which power is vested in the people, who rule either directly or through elected representatives.
9
Question
natural rights
Answer
Rights that people have inherently, such as the right to life, liberty, and property.
10
Question
Rule of Law
Answer
No one is above the law; Everyone must follow the laws, regardless of their position of power.
11
Question
Common Sense by Thomas Paine
Answer
pamphlet that advocated for the colonies declaring independence from Britain
12
Question
Anti-Federalist Papers
Answer
The Anti-Federalist Papers were a series of essays written in opposition to the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
13
Question
Civil Rights Movement
Answer
The Civil Rights Movement aimed to end racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans in the United States.
14
Question
Selective Service Act
Answer
The Selective Service Act established the country's first peacetime draft in 1940.
15
Question
Popular Sovereignty
Answer
Popular Sovereignty was the idea that political power is derived from the consent of the governed.
16
Question
Roe v. Wade
Answer
Legalized abortion across the United States.
17
Question
Plessy v. Ferguson 1896
Answer
Supreme Court upheld racial segregation under the "separate but equal" doctrine.
18
Question
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)
Answer
The Supreme Court upheld the censorship of school-sponsored student newspapers.
19
Question
Bush v. Gore (2000)
Answer
Supreme Court decided the presidential election dispute, due to inconsistent evaluation.
20
Question
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
Answer
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) was a Supreme Court case that ruled that African Americans, whether free or enslaved, were not considered citizens and therefore could not sue in federal court.
21
Question
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Answer
The Supreme Court ruled that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional.
22
Question
Tinker Vs.Des Moines(1968)
Answer
Students do not shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate.
23
Question
Gideon Vs .Wainwright (1963)
Answer
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) established the right to counsel for criminal defendants who cannot afford them.
24
Question
In Re Gault (1967)
Answer
Gerald Gault was a 15-year-old accused of making an obscene phone call to a neighbor; established the principle that young persons have constitutional rights
25
Question
Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
Answer
The Supreme Court case that established the exclusionary rule for illegally obtained evidence; may not be used in criminal prosecutions in state courts, as well as federal courts.
26
Question
Miranda vs. Arizona, 1961
Answer
Miranda v. Arizona established the Miranda warning and the requirement that law enforcement officers inform individuals of their rights before questioning.
27
Question
Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Answer
Supreme Court ruled that school-sponsored prayer was unconstitutional. (violates separation of church and state and freedom of religion)
28
Question
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Answer
the Supreme Court upheld the power of the national government and denied the right of a state to tax the federal bank using the Constitution's supremacy clause.
29
Question
Checks and Balances
Answer
The system that prevents any one branch of government from having too much power.
30
Question
Federalism
Answer
The breaking of the gov't into Federal and state levels, each having certain powers
Governmental Powers (cases)
Study
1
Question
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Answer
Established the principle of judicial review.
2
Question
Barron v. Baltimore (1833)
Answer
The Supreme Court ruled that the Bill of Rights limited only the actions of the federal government, not the state governments.
3
Question
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)
Answer
The Supreme Court ruled that African Americans were not citizens and could not sue in federal court.
4
Question
Ex parte Milligan (1866)
Answer
The Supreme Court ruled that military tribunals could not try civilians in areas where civil courts were operational.
5
Question
United States v. Nixon (1974)
Answer
The Supreme Court ruled that the President must comply with a subpoena for tapes and documents.
6
Question
Bush v. Gore (2000)
Answer
Supreme Court decided the 2000 presidential election. Different standards for vote recounts in different Florida counties violated the Equal Protection Clause.
7
Question
District of Columbia v. Heller (2008)
Answer
The Supreme Court ruled that the Second Amendment protects an individual's right to possess a firearm for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home.
1st Amendment (cases)
Study
1
Question
Schenck v. United States (1919)
Answer
Established the "clear and present danger" test for limiting free speech rights.
2
Question
Near v. Minnesota (1931)
Answer
The Supreme Court case that held that the government cannot censor or prohibit a publication in advance, even though the publication may be punishable after it is in circulation. strong protections for freedom of the press.
3
Question
West Virginia v. Barnette (1943)
Answer
The Supreme Court ruled that public schools cannot force students to salute the flag or say the Pledge of Allegiance.
4
Question
Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Answer
Supreme Court case involving school prayer. Unconstitutional, as it violated establishment clause.
5
Question
New York Times v. Sullivan (1964)
Answer
The Supreme Court decision established the "actual malice" standard for libel cases involving public figures.
6
Question
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
Answer
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) was a landmark Supreme Court case regarding freedom of speech in public schools. Black armbands to protest vietnam.
7
Question
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988)
Answer
The Supreme Court held that public high schools have the authority to exercise editorial control over the content of student newspapers.
8
Question
Texas v. Johnson (1989)
Answer
The Supreme Court ruled that burning the American flag in protest is protected speech under the First Amendment.
9
Question
Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010)
Answer
Supreme Court case that ruled that political spending is a form of protected speech under the First Amendment.
Due process (cases)
Study
1
Question
Mapp v. Ohio (1961)
Answer
Exclusionary rule. illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in state court trials.
2
Question
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
Answer
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) established the right to counsel for criminal defendants.
3
Question
Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
Answer
Miranda rights
4
Question
In re Gault (1967)
Answer
Supreme Court case that extended several constitutional protections to minors.
Equal Protection (cases)
Study
1
Question
Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
Answer
Supreme Court upheld "separate but equal" segregation laws.
2
Question
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Answer
Overturned the "separate but equal" doctrine in public education.
3
Question
Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978)
Answer
Supreme Court ruled that the use of strict racial quotas in university admissions is unconstitutional.
4
Question
Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)
Answer
The Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage nationwide.
Privacy Rights (cases)
Study
1
Question
Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
Answer
Supreme Court case that struck down a Connecticut law prohibiting the use of contraceptives.
2
Question
Roe v. Wade (1973)
Answer
Legalized abortion across the United States.
Federalism (cases)
Study
1
Question
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
Answer
The Supreme Court ruled in favor of McCulloch, stating that the federal government has implied powers to carry out its enumerated powers, and that states cannot impede those powers through taxation.
2
Question
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
Answer
Supreme Court decision regulating interstate commerce.
3
Question
Cooper v. Aaron (1958)
Answer
The Supreme Court ruled that the states must follow the Court's decisions.