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Flashcard Deck
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1
Question
Peroxisome
Answer
A membrane-bound organelle involved in the metabolism of fatty acids, ethanol, and other metabolic processes, often containing enzymes that produce and degrade hydrogen peroxide.
2
Question
Plasma membrane
Answer
A semi-permeable barrier that separates the interior of a cell from its external environment, regulating the passage of substances in and out of the cell.
3
Question
Endomembrane system
Answer
A network of membranes within a eukaryotic cell that includes the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vesicles, and the plasma membrane, working together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins.
4
Question
Cell nucleus
Answer
The part of a cell that contains the majority of its genetic material, including the chromosomes and DNA.
5
Question
Answer
6
Question
Plant cell
Answer
A type of eukaryotic cell found in plants.
7
Question
Mitochondrion (plural: mitochondria)
Answer
An organelle responsible for energy production in the cell through cellular respiration.
8
Question
Large central vacuole
Answer
A membrane-bound organelle found in plant cells, serving functions such as storage, waste disposal, and maintaining turgor pressure.
9
Question
Ribosomes
Answer
The cellular structure involved in protein synthesis.
10
Question
Cell wall
Answer
A rigid layer surrounding the cell membrane, providing structural support and protection in plant cells.
11
Question
Chloroplast
Answer
An organelle found in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs, containing chlorophyll for capturing light energy.
12
Question
Cell surface membrane
Answer
A biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment.
13
Question
Cytoplasm
Answer
The jelly-like fluid that fills the inside of a cell, where organelles are suspended.
14
Question
Nucleus
Answer
The central organelle that contains the genetic material (DNA) of the cell.
15
Question
Vacuole
Answer
A membrane-bound organelle found in plant cells, involved in storage, digestion, and waste removal.
16
Question
Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer
A network of membranes found throughout the cell and involved in the production of proteins and lipids.
17
Question
Golgi body (plural: Golgi bodies)
Answer
An organelle involved in the processing, packaging, and distribution of proteins and lipids within the cell.
18
Question
Oval structure
Answer
Refers to the shape of certain organelles within a cell.
19
Question
Contains chlorophyll
Answer
Characteristic of chloroplasts, the organelles responsible for photosynthesis.
20
Question
Contained in stacks of discs
Answer
Describes the structure of thylakoids within chloroplasts, where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur.
21
Question
Cell Structures and Organelles
Answer
Components inside a cell that carry out specific functions.
22
Question
Similarities in Animal and Plant Cells
Answer
Both have a cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm, and ribosomes.
23
Question
Differences in Animal and Plant Cells
Answer
Plant cells have a cell wall, large central vacuole, and chloroplasts, while animal cells do not.
24
Question
Order of Cell Structures and Organelles
Answer
1. Nucleus 2. Mitochondria 3. Endoplasmic Reticulum 4. Golgi Apparatus 5. Ribosomes
25
Question
Cell surface membrane
Answer
The outer boundary of the cell that separates it from the environment.
26
Question
Cytoplasm
Answer
A jelly-like substance that fills the cell and contains all the organelles.
27
Question
Nucleus
Answer
The control center of the cell that contains genetic material and controls cell activities.
28
Question
Vacuole
Answer
A storage organelle that stores water, nutrients, and waste products.
29
Question
Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer
A network of membranes involved in the production of proteins and lipids.
30
Question
Mitochondrion
Answer
The powerhouse of the cell that produces energy through cellular respiration.