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Introduction to the Nervous System
Organization of the nervous system
Central nervous system (CNS)
It's composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
It consists of the nerves that connect the brain and the spinal cord with the body's muscles, glands, sense organs, and other tissues.
Basically everything outside the brain and spinal cord.
Neuron
Structure of neurons
Soma
It contains the nucleus and ribosomes.
It's also called the cell body.
Dendrite
Series of highly branched outgrowths of the cell that receive incoming information from other neurons.
They increase a cell's capacity to receive signals from many other neurons.
Dendritic spines
Knoblike outgrowths that increase the surface area of dendrites further.
Axon
Long process that extends from the cell body and carries outgoing signals to its target cells.
T
Axon hillock
Axon terminal
Myelin