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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
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ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
sopilosophia
Flashcard Deck
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1
Question
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Answer
A system of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions.
2
Question
PITUITARY GLAND
Answer
A small gland located in the brain that is controlled by the hypothalamus.
3
Question
INFUNDIBULUM
Answer
A structure that connects the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
4
Question
ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
Answer
A gland made up of epithelial cells and responsible for secreting protein tropic hormones.
5
Question
PROTEIN TROPIC HORMONES
Answer
The most common hormones secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulate the secretion of other hormones.
6
Question
GROWTH HORMONE
Answer
A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that regulates growth and development.
7
Question
THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH)
Answer
A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.
8
Question
ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE (ACTH)
Answer
A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol.
9
Question
GIGANTISM
Answer
A condition characterized by excessive growth during bone development, often caused by an excess of growth hormone.
10
Question
ACROMEGALY
Answer
A condition characterized by excessive growth after bone development, resulting in enlarged limbs and facial features, often caused by an excess of growth hormone.
11
Question
DWARFISM
Answer
A condition characterized by stunted growth and short stature, often caused by a deficiency in growth hormone.
12
Question
ENLARGEMENT
Answer
An abnormality of the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) that causes the thyroid gland to increase in size.
13
Question
SHRINKAGE
Answer
An abnormality of the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) that causes the thyroid gland to decrease in size.
14
Question
DARKENING OF SKIN
Answer
An abnormality of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) that causes increased pigmentation of the skin.
15
Question
SKIN PIGMENTATION
Answer
The coloration of the skin, which can be influenced by hormones such as the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
16
Question
Pituitary gland
Answer
Small gland in the brain controlled by hypothalamus
17
Question
Infundibulum
Answer
Connects hypothalamus and pituitary gland
18
Question
Anterior Pituitary gland
Answer
Made up of epithelial cells, secretes protein tropic hormones
19
Question
Growth Hormone
Answer
Stimulates secretion of other hormones, abnormalities include gigantism and acromegaly
20
Question
Thyroid stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Answer
Abnormalities include enlargement and shrinkage of the thyroid gland
21
Question
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Answer
Abnormalities include darkening of skin and insufficiency
22
Question
Gonadotropins
Answer
Hormones related to sex cells and their glands
23
Question
Posterior Pituitary Gland
Answer
Nerve cells connected directly into the brain stem
24
Question
Melanocyte stimulating Hormone (MSH)
Answer
Increases melanin production in skin
25
Question
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) or Interstitial cell stimulating Hormone
Answer
Female ovulation and progesterone production, male sperm production and testosterone synthesis
26
Question
Follicle stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Answer
Female estrogen secretion and follicle maturation, male sperm cell production
27
Question
Prolactin
Answer
Male increased LH sensitivity, female milk production
28
Question
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Answer
Conserves water, constricts blood vessels, increases uterine contractions during labor
29
Question
Thyroid gland
Answer
Large gland in the neck, requires iodine to function
30
Question
Thyroid Hormone
Answer
Abnormalities include hypothyroidism (obesity) and hyperthyroidism (weight loss)
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