/
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Clone
Register
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
Flashcard Deck
Study
ENDOCRINE SYSTEM
A system of glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions.
PITUITARY GLAND
A small gland located in the brain that is controlled by the hypothalamus.
INFUNDIBULUM
A structure that connects the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland.
ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND
A gland made up of epithelial cells and responsible for secreting protein tropic hormones.
PROTEIN TROPIC HORMONES
The most common hormones secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulate the secretion of other hormones.
GROWTH HORMONE
A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that regulates growth and development.
THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH)
A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones.
ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE (ACTH)
A hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol.
GIGANTISM
A condition characterized by excessive growth during bone development, often caused by an excess of growth hormone.
ACROMEGALY
A condition characterized by excessive growth after bone development, resulting in enlarged limbs and facial features, often caused by an excess of growth hormone.
DWARFISM
A condition characterized by stunted growth and short stature, often caused by a deficiency in growth hormone.
ENLARGEMENT
An abnormality of the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) that causes the thyroid gland to increase in size.
SHRINKAGE
An abnormality of the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) that causes the thyroid gland to decrease in size.
DARKENING OF SKIN
An abnormality of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) that causes increased pigmentation of the skin.
SKIN PIGMENTATION
The coloration of the skin, which can be influenced by hormones such as the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Pituitary gland
Small gland in the brain controlled by hypothalamus
Infundibulum
Connects hypothalamus and pituitary gland
Anterior Pituitary gland
Made up of epithelial cells, secretes protein tropic hormones
Growth Hormone
Stimulates secretion of other hormones, abnormalities include gigantism and acromegaly
Thyroid stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Abnormalities include enlargement and shrinkage of the thyroid gland
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Abnormalities include darkening of skin and insufficiency
Gonadotropins
Hormones related to sex cells and their glands
Posterior Pituitary Gland
Nerve cells connected directly into the brain stem
Melanocyte stimulating Hormone (MSH)
Increases melanin production in skin
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) or Interstitial cell stimulating Hormone
Female ovulation and progesterone production, male sperm production and testosterone synthesis
Follicle stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Female estrogen secretion and follicle maturation, male sperm cell production
Prolactin
Male increased LH sensitivity, female milk production
Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Conserves water, constricts blood vessels, increases uterine contractions during labor
Thyroid gland
Large gland in the neck, requires iodine to function
Thyroid Hormone
Abnormalities include hypothyroidism (obesity) and hyperthyroidism (weight loss)
