/
Woman and Gender in Ancient Mediterranean Cultures
Save to my account
Sign up
Woman and Gender in Ancient Mediterranean Cultures
Upload a PDF by clicking the button below 👇
View
Untitled Deck
Study
1
Question
Title
Answer
A Companion to Global Gender History Second Edition
2
Question
Editors
Answer
Teresa A Meade and Merry E WiesnerHanks
3
Question
Publication Year
Answer
2021
4
Question
Publisher
Answer
John Wiley & Sons Ltd
5
Question
Chapter
Answer
Thirteen
6
Question
Ancient Egypt
Answer
Gender-related evidence reveals complex hierarchical societies that privileged men in many social arenas with some gender-specific roles strongly fixed.
7
Question
Mesopotamia
Answer
Gender-related evidence reveals complex hierarchical societies that privileged men in many social arenas with some gender-specific roles strongly fixed.
8
Question
Greece
Answer
Gender-related evidence reveals complex hierarchical societies that privileged men in many social arenas with some gender-specific roles strongly fixed.
9
Question
Rome
Answer
Gender-related evidence reveals complex hierarchical societies that privileged men in many social arenas with some gender-specific roles strongly fixed.
10
Question
Egypt and Mesopotamia
Answer
Patriarchally organized societies with differences in social configurations, power interrelations, and gender roles.
11
Question
Greek and Roman eras
Answer
Extensive hierarchical kingdoms with men dominating political and military realms, while women dominated in religious and domestic spheres.
12
Question
Gender Complementarity
Answer
The idea that women and men were essential contributing members of society, even though men were typically advantaged by patriarchal ideologies.
13
Question
Religion and Rituals
Answer
Ancient polytheistic religious beliefs and worship influenced social arenas, with worship of female deities central to religious life and women's rituals assuring social wellbeing.
14
Question
Female Sacredness
Answer
Concept of female divinities endowed women with deep cultural value, even as perceptions of femaleness and women's roles were eroded over time.
15
Question
Goddesses
Answer
Goddesses such as Hathor, Isis, Inanna, and Ishtar oversaw various aspects of life including sexuality, fertility, marriage, childbirth, and war.
16
Question
Erosion of Divine Female Powers
Answer
Goddesses' powers declined over time and became associated with more specific qualities, resulting in a shift from a dynamic erotic symbol to a nurturing mother figure.
17
Question
Household Worship
Answer
Household shrines and sacred niches for the worship of household gods were common, with rituals often performed by women.
18
Question
Women's Ritual Celebrations
Answer
Rituals celebrating various stages of a woman's life and acknowledging female biological functions endowed them with positive cultural valuation.
19
Question
What qualities did women embody as mortals?
Answer
Divine qualities that significantly shaped peoples' lives.
20
Question
What elements were most gods tied to?
Answer
Natural elements such as the sky, sea, thunder, lightning, and rain.
21
Question
What notions did gods represent?
Answer
Civic or political notions, portraying patriarchal ideologies.
22
Question
What social power roles did men define as masculine?
Answer
The ruler, family patriarch, warrior, and conqueror.
23
Question
What did household shrines and sacred niches attest to?
Answer
The pervasiveness of spiritual belief.
24
Question
What did annual rituals for various goddesses do for women?
Answer
Endowed them with an empowered sense of their own identity.
25
Question
What did rituals acknowledging menarche and menstrual cycles do?
Answer
Endowed those female biological functions with positive cultural valuation.
26
Question
What stages of a girl's life did the Greeks ritually celebrate?
Answer
Girlhood, puberty, adolescence, and new bride.
27
Question
What did ancient Greek playwright Aristophanes note about women's critical public voice?
Answer
It was undergirded by their spiritual foundation.
28
Question
What types of rites did boys typically undergo in late adolescence?
Answer
Boys transition rites, including food, sleep and other deprivations, periods of isolation and/or survival training, ritual enactments, and sexual initiation.
29
Question
What did adult women's rites celebrate foremost?
Answer
Their key role in maintaining their cultures biologically, psychologically, morally, and often intellectually and creatively.
30
Question
What roles did women serve as?
Answer
Priestesses and religious officiants.