Explore
Login
Register
/
ðŸ˜
Biology Flashcards
Deleted
Clone
Register
Report Bug
ðŸ˜
Biology Flashcards
View
The Dynamic Neuron Flashcards
Study
What is the function of neurons?
Neurons regulate the overall state of the nervous system through electrical and chemical activity. They receive chemical signals in the dendrites from the axons, which are transformed into electrical signals that add or subtract from electrical signals from other synapses. Electrical potentials travel down axons to synapses on the dendrites of the next neuron and the process repeats.
What is the structure of a neuron?
A neuron consists of dendrites, a cell body, an axon, and synaptic terminals, reflecting its functional subdivision into receiving, integrating, and transmitting compartments. The dendrite receives, the cell body integrates, and the axons transmit - a concept called polarization. The outer membranes of neurons are made of fatty substances and are draped around a cytoskeleton of rods of tubular and filamentous proteins that extends out into dendrites and axons alike. Protein compartments are transported along the cytoskeleton.
What are dendritic spines?
Dendritic spines are tiny protuberances that stick out from the dendrites and are where incoming axons make most of their connections. Proteins transported to the spines are important for creating and maintaining neuronal connectivity. The proteins in the spines are constantly turning over as the neuron rearranges its shape and function.
What are growth factors?
Growth factors are molecules that respond to endpoints of axons. They get taken up inside and then transported to the cell body where they influence the expression of neuronal genes and the manufacture of new proteins. These proteins enable the neuron to grow longer dendrites and make other dynamic changes to its shape or function.
What are mitochondria?
Mitochondria are energy factories inside the cell that keep all the activity working. They provide fuel for the neuron's activity, allowing it to receive and process information, nutrients, and messengers.
What is the main reason for cell division?
New cells are produced for growth and to replace damaged or old cells.
What is the difference in cell division between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Cell division differs in prokaryotes (bacteria) and eukaryotes (protists, fungi, plants, & animals).
Is it true that all cells are derived from pre-existing cells?
Yes, all cells are derived from pre-existing cells.
How can we express the process of cell division mathematically?
We can express the process of cell division using mathematical equations, such as those for mitosis: $2n → 2n$ or meiosis: $2n → n + n$.
Number of Cats in the United States
There are 300 million cats inÂ
Untitled Flashcards
Study
Cat Population
There are 300 million cats in the world according to recent estimates from the International Cat Association. However, the exact number of cats is difficult to determine.
